Fuel-oil burner



W. M. HOFFMAN.

FUEL OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5. 1920.

1,37 8,1 15. Patented May 17,1921.

i i l 7( "Z I72,

2 1&

C3 x l J J. a, Z2 1:1 -2- f J i G1 a '62 e A /v 81 vwento'a w/m 7%.... I

. tartan stares a ma WILLIAM m. HOFFMAN,'OF BUFFALO, new YORK, ASSIGIN'OR 'ro GENERAL ru APPARATUS co aroaa'rron, or BurrALo, NEW roan, a ooaroner'xon or DELAWARE.

FUEL-OIL BURNER.

Application fileti March 5, 1920. Serial No. 363,547.

To all whom it'may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. Horr- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, county of Erie, State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Fuel-Oil Burners, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

which form a part of, this specification.

This invention relates to improvements 'in fuel oil burners and particularly to that type of burner designed .to utilize the heavier hydro-carbons in which a considerable amount of asphalt material is found. The burner is so constructed that a forced air draft will be drawn along the face of the opposed burner plates through the dense line IIII of Fig. 1.

Let a represent the "base of the apparatus designed to support burner plates hereinafter described and adapted'in turn to serve as a drip-pan being partially filled with a refractory porous substance such as asbestos indicated as 7), upon which the oil that falls from the superimposed burner plates may be burned.

An outlet pipe 0 leads from the receptacle a to a sump, not shown in the. drawings. The flow of oil therethrou'gh is regulated by means of a valve 6 The burner plates carried by this base a comtprise frame'memhers I) and c each'in the orm of a box cut in half adapted to contain a refractory substance indicated'as b 0 respectively. These frame portions 12 and'c are disposed in parallel vertical planes opposed to each other and fastened together by means of tie-bolts I 7, f passed through opposed projecting ears hese t1ecarried by said frame members. bolts are four in number, two on each side of the apparatus. a

The porous refractory material which is ,carried by each of thesehalf box portions 1 tion, and which superheater.

b and c is respectively indicated as?) and and formsthe burner plate proper which Specification of Iietters Patent. "Patented-May 17, 1921,

is supplied with fuel oil from a perforated Y trough-shaped shelf 9 positioned above the plate, WlllCll 1s carried by each f-rameporis in turn supplied with fuel from feed pipes it. These feed pipes are 'four in number, as shown in Fig; 2 and the flow of fuel therethrough'may be regu lated by means of valves 71. -The fuel oil passes-from the feed pipes k into the trough trough to the porous refractory plate therebeneath carried by theiframe.

gand through the perforatedfloor ofthe After a certaln amount ofoil has bee n supplied to this trough 9 if, due to an oversupply 1n quantity or to slow-seeping ac-' tion through the refractory burner plate, it does not pass through the perforated floor thereof, 1t W111 flow over the flanged edge of the trough and down along the faceof.

the burner plate where it may be burned.

It will be noticedthat' the plate 0 which carried the nozzle j is 'provided with a groove 0 hereinafter more particularly referredto. I

JFromthe rear through I the plate 0 a nozzle j provided with a regulator needle valve j? is projected; This. nozzle passes through the face 'of the burner plate so as open approximately centrally therein the air passageway between the two burner plates.

A, supply conduit 70 leads to this nozzle,

which conduit is provided with a main branch 70 which leads to a source, not shown in the drawings, from which is drawn a supply of an under ressure. .The flow of air throughthe conduit 70 may beregulated by means of valve A combustion chamber 1 is provided which passes through the burner plate 6 opposite the nozzle 9' carried by the plate 0 This combustion chamber 1 is in. the form of a funnel increasin in diameter as itprdhe outer extension of Y ceeds outwardlythe combustion chamber is formed with a jacketed wall Z adapted'to serve as-a steam superheater to-the nozzle through the conduit m which leads to thema-in conduit-7c leading to the nozzle. The flow of steam the valve n 1 t It will be observedthat the burner plates Steam is supplied from this 1 through the pipe 12. is regulated by means of shaped passageway in the opposite burner constant quantity will be supplied to the I a nozzle.

are so tied together that an air passageway is provided between them opening to the atmosphere on all four sides.

In the operation of this device fuel oil is supplied through the pipes 71, to troughs g.

The oilpasses down through the perforated floor of the trough g and by virtue of the porous character of therefractory burner plate it seeps through and out upon the face thereof where it is burned. When the burner is first started, in order to secure combustion it will be found desirable to furnish air under pressure through the nozzle j without the addition of any stream thereto. As the combustion proceeds and the oil is supplied in greater quantity, superheated stream is furnished through the conduit m from-the superheater Z to the nozzle. The projection of a steam or airjet through. the nozzle j would create a forced draft between the two burner plates drawing in the air from all sides and the products of combustion will be projected outwardly through the funnel This ensures at the nozzle a high quality ofsuperheated steam and supply of steam to this of a high, dry quality by regulating the superheater steam and of practically In burners of this character, it is found that tosecure a highquali ty of combustion it is necessary that the oxygen of the air and hydrogen which would be furnished by way of steam be mixed with the volatilized hydro-carbon in combustion by beingpassed through the dense portion of the flame.

These vertical burner-plates therefore are so spaced from each other that the burning particles of hydro-carbon formed by the volatilizedoil urning on the face of each plate will. be mixed with oxygen drawn through the central air passageway under forced draft at that most dense. A distinct function is served by the provision of the opposed burner plates. If but one plate were provided, the air drawn in'through this air passageway would pass along the wall opposite the burner plate rather than along the face of the plate and would not mix with the prodnets of combustion in the manner desired.

The groove '0 previously referred to exother so as to provide an,

point where the flame is;

tends partially circumferentially of the noz zle j and is designedto prevent oil flowing along the face of the burner plate from. en-

tering the nozzle clogging the same and preventing the passage of air therethrough. The groove c is of greater extent that a half circle, so that it will extend-down below the nozzle opening,'in order that any oil that. might run into the grove may be carried away so as not to fill up the nozzle opening.

It will be observed that any oil which might drip from the burner plates b and 0 into the drip-pan a would be consumed on the surface of the filler 01 carried in such drip-pan. Should oil in excess quantity 'beallowed to collect in this drip pan it might be drawn therefrom through the outlet pipe e. 1 Claims:

1. In a fuel oil burner, a drip-pan containing-a porous refractory filler and provided with a discharge conduit leading therefrom, a pair of parallel opposed vertical burner plates, spaced from each other so as to provide an air passageway therebe tween supported over said drip-pan in such a manner as to provide a circumferential air inlet-opening tosaid. drip-pan, said burner plates composed of refractory porous I material, means for supplying fuel oilto said burner plates, said plates so adapted that said oil may gravitate therethrough and seep out along the face thereof, a nozzle adapted to project a vapor jet through one of said plates into the air passageway therebetween, a combustion chamber passing through the other of said burner posed opposite the nozzle.

plates dis- 2. In a fuel oil burner, a. pair of opposed vertical burner plates composed of porous refractory material and spaced from each air passageway therebetween, a perforated oil trough positioned at the top of each of said burner plates, means for supplying oil thereto, said burner plates so formed that the oil passing from said trough thereto will gravitate throu b said plates and seep out upon the face t ereof,'means for projecting a vapor jet through one of said plates into the air passageway therebetween, the other of said plates adapted to permit the passage of the products of combustion therethrough opposite said jet projecting means and provided with a mixing chamber.

3. In a fuel oil burner, a pair of opposed vertical burner plates spaced from each other so as to provide an air passageway therebetween, said plates composed of a porous refractory material ada ted to permit the gravitationof fuel oilt erethrough so that it may seep outupon the face thereof, a perforated oil trough adjacent the top of each of said burner plates adapted to receive oil and to permit the oil to pass emma through the perforations thereof to said burner plates, a nozzle carried by one of said burner plates approximately centrally thereof adapted to project a vapor jet into the air passageway between said plates, a combustion chamber carried by the other of said plates opposite the nozzle, adapted to permit the passage of the products of combustion therethrough and provided with a jacketed wall for a portion of its distance, means for supplying steam to the jacketed wall of said combustion chamber, means for conducting steam from said jacketed wall to the nozzle, means for conducting air under pressure to said nozzle.

4. In a fuel oil burner, a pair of opposed vertical burnerplates composed of a porous refractory substance and spaced from each other so as to provide an air passageway therebetween open on all sides, means for supplying fuel oil to the top of said burner plates, means for creating a forced draft through the air passageway between said plates by projectlng through one of said plates a vapor jet, means for permitting the products of combustion to be projected through the other of said plates, into a combustion chamber, said chamber, disposed opposite said vapor projecting means carried by the opposite plate.

5. In a fuel oil burner, a drip-pan containing a refractory porous material, a pair of opposed parallel vertical burner plates, a circumferential air passageway leading to said drip pan around the outside of said burner plates, said burner plates spaced from each other so as to provide an air passageway therebetween open on all sides, an oil trough positioned at the top of each of said burner plates adapted to receive oil and to permit the passage of oil therethrough to said plates, means for supplying oil to said trough, said plates so adapted as to permit the gravitation of oil therethrough and its seeping out upon the face thereof, means for creating a forced draft between said plates, means for projecting the products of combustion from between said plates through one of said plates into a combustionchamber.

6. In a fuel oil burner, a drip-pan containing a porous refractory material, a pairv of vertically opposed burner plates spaced from each other so as to provide an air passageway therebetween and supported above said drip-pan, an oil trough adapted to receive oil positioned above each of said burner plates and perforated to permit the passage of oil therethrough to the plate beneath, said plates adapted to permit the gravitation of oil therethrough and out along the face thereof, a nozzle carried by one of said plates adapted to project a jet of va or into the air passageway between said p ates, the other of said plates provided with a passageway through which the products of combustion may pass, means for supplying air under pressure to said nozzle, means for supplyin superheated steam under pressure to sai nozzle.

7. In a fuel oil burner a pair of opposedvertical burner plates composed of refractory porous material positioned so as to be spaced from each other forming an air passageway between such plates, means for supplying fuel oil to the top of such plates so that such oil may percolate therethrough and seep out on the face of the plates, means for projecting a vapor jet through one of said plates into the air passageway between the plates, the other of such plates provided with a combustion chamber extending through the plate and positioned op osite the vapor jet projecting means,

n testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

WILLIAM M. HOFFMAN. 

